Ondes sismiques

Ondes sismiques
Diplôme d'ingénieur de l'École et observatoire des sciences de la Terre (EOST)Parcours Diplôme d'ingénieur de l'EOST

ComposanteÉcole et observatoire des sciences de la Terre (EOST)

Description

Equation des ondes acoustique et élastiques, ondes P et S, champ proche et lointain.
Propagation des fronts d'onde et temps de trajet en milieu homogène, réflexion et réfraction des fronts d'onde plans et sphériques sur une interface plane, réflexion totale, onde conique.
Propagation des fronts d'onde en milieu inhomogène, équation iconale, géométrie des rayons.
Temps de trajet en milieu inhomogène : zone d'ombre, triplication.
Coefficients de réflexion et transmission des ondes planes harmoniques sur une interface plane.
Interférences constructives et destructives dans une couche.
Ondes guidées par la surface libre (Rayleigh) et dans une couche (Love), dispersion.
Ondes planes en milieu élastique finement stratifié, anisotropie.
Acoustic and elastic wave equations, P and S waves, near and far field.
Wavefronts and traveltimes in homogeneous and stratified media, reflection/transmission and head waves. Eikonal equation and ray geometry in inhomogeneous media. Shadow zones and triplication.
Reflection and transmission coefficients of plane harmonic waves on a plane interface.
Interferences in a layer, guided waves, Rayleigh and Love waves, dispersion.
Plane waves in finely stratified media, anisotropic propagation.

A la fin de ce cours, vous serez capable de :

Poursuivre des études au niveau Master en sismologie et imagerie sismique.
Pursue further studies in seismology and seismic imaging at the Master level.
 

Compétences visées

Introduire les méthodes de base d'analyse de la propagation des ondes élastiques en géophysique.

Introduction to the fundamentals of elastic waves propagation in geophysics.
 

School regulations

The curriculum includes three years of study: admissions, the organisation of studies, assessments, placements and vivas, graduation and international exchanges are all explained in the current school rules (pdf).

First and second year courses

First and second year courses

  • General modules: mechanics, geology, mathematics, IT, digital analysis, signal processing, inverse methods.
  • Geophysical methods: physics of the Earth, seismology, seismic modelling and imaging, geodesy, gravimetry, potential methods, geomagnetism, electromagnetism, rock physics and fracture, hydrology.
  • Practical work: geophysical measurements in the field (photo) and in the laboratory, geology field placements in the Alps.
  • Languages and economic and social sciences: English, modern language 2, economics, industrial property, management, sustainable development, ethics, quality, company health and safety
  • IT and research projects, shared with the first year of the master’s degree
  • Summer placements at a laboratory or company, with numerous opportunities abroad (international placement contact: Mike Heap)

Third year course

Students have a choice of 3 specialisations in the third year:

  • Geophysics applied to the exploration and production of raw materials: seismic and hydrodynamic characterisation of reservoirs, seismic processing and interpretation, potential methods.
  • Geophysics applied to geotechnics: geotechnics and the resistance of materials applied in civil engineering, geomechanics, hydrogeophysics, electromagnetic methods, earthquake.
  • Hydrogeology, hydrogeochemistry, hydrogeophysics (HydroG3).

Additional teaching:

  • Languages and economic and social sciences: English, energy economy, company strategy and structure.
  • Geophysics field camp in Alsace (photo).  Here are images of a normal fault in the Rhine Graben taken by students.
  • 6-month industry placement culminating in the writing of a dissertation and a viva before a jury in order to obtain the engineering degree. The placements are carried out all over the world.