Géomagnétisme

Géomagnétisme
Diplôme d'ingénieur de l'École et observatoire des sciences de la Terre (EOST)Parcours Diplôme d'ingénieur de l'EOST

ComposanteÉcole et observatoire des sciences de la Terre (EOST)

Description

Ce module concerne l’étude du champ magnétique terrestre de l’échelle planétaire à l’échelle locale. Les caractéristiques spatiales et temporelles des champs internes (champ principal et champ crustal) et externes (ionosphériques et magnétosphériques) sont illustrées en liens étroits avec les observations/mesures et les modélisations. Les cours et les TDs sont intimement liés et divisés en trois grandes parties :

  • Champ magnétique principal
  • Champ magnétique crustal
  • Champs magnétiques externes, introduction au Space weather


This course deals with the study of the Earth's magnetic field from the planetary to the local scale. The spatial and temporal characteristics of the internal (main field and crustal field) and external (ionospheric and magnetospheric) fields are illustrated in close connection with observations/measurements and modelling. The lectures and tutorials are closely linked and divided into three main parts:

  • Main magnetic field
  • Crustal magnetic field
  • External magnetic fields, introduction to space weather


A la fin de ce cours, vous serez capable de :

  • Comprendre la nature des sources du champ observé selon les échelles spatiales et temporelles mises en jeu
  • Comprendre les méthodes de modélisation des champs magnétiques terrestres, leurs avantages et inconvénients
  • Comprendre et mettre en œuvre les calculs de modélisation simples des champs magnétiques en harmoniques sphériques
  • Utiliser les modèles internationaux de référence du champ magnétique (principal : IGRF ; crustal : WDMAM)
  • Traiter et Interpréter les mesures magnétiques (satellitaires, observatoires, réseaux, campagnes de mesures)
  • Initier l’organisation d’une campagne de mesures magnétiques de terrain


 

  • To understand the nature of the observed field’sources accordi ng to the spatial and temporal scales involved
  • To understand the methods of gemagnetic field modelling, their advantages and drawbacks
  • To understand and to implement simple calculations for modelling magnetic fields in spherical harmonics
  • To use international magnetic field reference models (main: IGRF; crustal: WDMAM)
  • To process and to interpret magnetic measurements (satellite, observatories, networks, measurement campaigns)
  • To initiate the organisation of a magnetic field measurement campaign

Compétences visées

Le champ magnétique mesuré à la surface de la Terre résulte de la superposition de sources variées. L’objectif de ce cours est double : d’une part, de comprendre les caractéristiques spatiales et temporelles des différentes sources et, d’autre part, de discriminer ces différentes sources dans les mesures magnétiques et à l’aide de modèles.

The magnetic field measured at the Earth's surface results from the superposition of various sources. The objective of this course is twofold: on the one hand, to understand the spatial and temporal characteristics of the different sources and, on the other hand, to discriminate these different sources in magnetic measurements and with the help of models.

 

School regulations

The curriculum includes three years of study: admissions, the organisation of studies, assessments, placements and vivas, graduation and international exchanges are all explained in the current school rules (pdf).

First and second year courses

First and second year courses

  • General modules: mechanics, geology, mathematics, IT, digital analysis, signal processing, inverse methods.
  • Geophysical methods: physics of the Earth, seismology, seismic modelling and imaging, geodesy, gravimetry, potential methods, geomagnetism, electromagnetism, rock physics and fracture, hydrology.
  • Practical work: geophysical measurements in the field (photo) and in the laboratory, geology field placements in the Alps.
  • Languages and economic and social sciences: English, modern language 2, economics, industrial property, management, sustainable development, ethics, quality, company health and safety
  • IT and research projects, shared with the first year of the master’s degree
  • Summer placements at a laboratory or company, with numerous opportunities abroad (international placement contact: Mike Heap)

Third year course

Students have a choice of 3 specialisations in the third year:

  • Geophysics applied to the exploration and production of raw materials: seismic and hydrodynamic characterisation of reservoirs, seismic processing and interpretation, potential methods.
  • Geophysics applied to geotechnics: geotechnics and the resistance of materials applied in civil engineering, geomechanics, hydrogeophysics, electromagnetic methods, earthquake.
  • Hydrogeology, hydrogeochemistry, hydrogeophysics (HydroG3).

Additional teaching:

  • Languages and economic and social sciences: English, energy economy, company strategy and structure.
  • Geophysics field camp in Alsace (photo).  Here are images of a normal fault in the Rhine Graben taken by students.
  • 6-month industry placement culminating in the writing of a dissertation and a viva before a jury in order to obtain the engineering degree. The placements are carried out all over the world.